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Section 156 — Police officer’s power to investigate cognizable case
156
156
Police officer’s power to investigate cognizable case
Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973
Chapter XII Information to The Police and Their Powers to Investigate
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Reviewed by Advocate Aditi Babbar, Seasoned Advocate · Practicing since 31 years
📅 Updated 2026-04-10📚 Source: The Gazette of India
Police PowersInvestigationCognizable OffenceCriminal Procedure
🗣️ Simple Explanation
What does this law say? Section 156 of the CrPC gives police officers the power to investigate serious crimes (cognizable cases) without needing permission from a judge.
Why does this law exist? This law helps the police quickly start investigations. This ensures they can gather evidence and catch criminals. It helps maintain law and order in society.
Real-life impact If a crime happens, like a theft, the police can immediately begin investigating. They can collect evidence and question people. This helps to solve the crime faster.
What happens if you break this law? This section doesn't specify a punishment. It only gives the police the power to investigate certain crimes.
💡 Real Life Example

Rahul reports a theft to the police. Under Section 156, the police can start investigating immediately. They can gather evidence and question witnesses. The investigation helps find the stolen items and catch the thief.

Priya is a victim of an online fraud. The police, using Section 156, can investigate the fraud. They can trace the money trail and arrest the fraudsters. This helps Priya get justice and recover her money.

🛡️ KNOW YOUR RIGHTS
  • •Cooperate with the police during the investigation.
  • •Seek legal advice if you are questioned by the police.
  • •Know that the police must follow proper procedures.
  • •Understand that you have the right to remain silent.
❓ FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
Section 156 of the CrPC gives police officers the power to investigate cognizable offenses. This means they can start investigating serious crimes without a judge's permission. They can gather evidence, question people, and take necessary actions to solve the crime. This helps in maintaining law and order.
Section 156 itself does not specify a punishment. It only gives the police the power to investigate cognizable offenses. The punishment for the actual crime being investigated will depend on the specific offense committed. The police will investigate the crime and then the accused will be punished under the relevant sections of the law.
Sources & References

📒 Legal text sourced from The Gazette of India & AdvocateKhoj Bare Acts Library

⚖️ Content reviewed by Advocate Aditi Babbar, Seasoned Advocate, with 31 years of legal practice

📚 Act Reference: Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

Disclaimer: This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Consult a qualified advocate for specific legal matters.

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