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Section 154 — Information in cognizable cases
154
154
Information in cognizable cases
Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973
Chapter XII Information to The Police and Their Powers to Investigate
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Reviewed by Advocate Aditi Babbar, Seasoned Advocate · Practicing since 31 years
📅 Updated 2026-04-10📚 Source: The Gazette of India
FIRPolice ProcedureCognizable OffenceReporting Crime
🗣️ Simple Explanation
What does this law say? Section 154 of the CrPC explains how to report a serious crime (cognizable offence) to the police.
Why does this law exist? This law ensures that the police know about crimes. It starts the process of investigating the crime.
Real-life impact If you witness a serious crime, you can report it to the police. The police must write down your information.
What happens if you break this law? This section deals with how to report a crime, not breaking the law. If the police refuse to record your information, you can complain to the Superintendent of Police.
💡 Real Life Example

Priya is a victim of a phone scam. She goes to the police station to report it. The police must write down her information. Legal consequence: The police must register the First Information Report (FIR).

Rahul witnesses a road rage incident where someone is injured. He goes to the police to report the incident. Legal consequence: The police must record his statement and start an investigation.

🛡️ KNOW YOUR RIGHTS
  • •Report the crime to the police immediately.
  • •Insist that the police record your information.
  • •Get a free copy of the FIR.
  • •If the police refuse, complain to the Superintendent of Police.
  • •Seek legal aid if needed.
❓ FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
Section 154 is about reporting a serious crime (cognizable offence) to the police. If you report a crime, the police must write down your information. This written record is called a First Information Report (FIR). You are entitled to a free copy of the FIR. This starts the investigation process.
If the police refuse to register your FIR, you can send your complaint in writing to the Superintendent of Police. The Superintendent will then decide whether to investigate the case or order another police officer to do so. You have the right to report a crime.
Sources & References

📒 Legal text sourced from The Gazette of India & AdvocateKhoj Bare Acts Library

⚖️ Content reviewed by Advocate Aditi Babbar, Seasoned Advocate, with 31 years of legal practice

📚 Act Reference: Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

Disclaimer: This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Consult a qualified advocate for specific legal matters.

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